Amtliche Veröffentlichungen
Königreich Bahrain
Central Informatics Organisation (CIO): Statistical Abstract (SA), verschiedene Ausgaben. Manama.
Central Statistical Organization (CSO) (2011): Population, Housing, Buildings, Establishments and Agriculture Census, Census Summary Result 2010. Manama. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.cio.gov.bh.
Central Bank of Bahrain (2011): Statistical Bulletin-November 2011. Manama.
Staat Kuwait
Ministry of Planning/Statistics and Information Center: Annual Statistical Abstract, verschiedene Ausgaben. Kuwait.
Central Bank of Kuwait: Economic Report, verschiedene Ausgaben. Kuwait.
Sultanat Oman
Ministry of National Economy (MNE): Statistical Yearbook (SY), verschiedene Ausgaben. Maskat.
Ministry of National Economy (MNE): Statistics Online. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.mone.gov.om/Stat_Online_desp.aspx.
Ministry of National Economy (MNE) (2005): Selected Data and Indicators From the Results of General Populations, Housing Units and Establishments Censuses, 1993-2003. Maskat.
Ministry of National Economy (MNE) (2011): The Preliminary Results of the Census 2010. Maskat. Central Bank of Oman (CBO) (2011): Annual Report-2011. Muscat.
Staat Katar
Statistics Authority (SA): Annual [Statistical] Abstract (AA), verschiedene Ausgaben. Doha.
Statistics Authority (SA) (2010): Census of Population and Housing Establishments-2010. April, Doha.
Statistics Authority (SA) (2011): Labor Force Sample Survey[LFSS]-2011. Doha.
Qatar National Bank: Qatar Economic Review, verschiedene Ausgaben. Doha.
Königreich Saudi Arabien (KSA)
Ministry of Economy and Planning (MEP)/Central Department of Statistics and Information: Annual Statistical Yearbook (ASY), verschiedene Ausgaben. Riad.
Ministry of Economy and Planning (MEP) (2009): The Ninth Development Plan, 1431-1435(H), 2010-2014. Riad.
Ministry of Economy and Planning (MEP) (2011): KSA Econ in Figures-2011 English.xlsx 11/10/2011. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.mep.gov.sa.
Central Department of Statistics & Information (CDSI) (2008): Demographic Research Bulletin-1428H [2007]. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.cdsi.gov.sa.
Central Department of Statistics and Information Data (CDSI): Externer Link: http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/English.
Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (SAMA): Annual Report (AR), verschiedene Ausgaben. Riad.
Vereinigte Arabische Emirate (VAE)
Ministry of Planning: Annual Statistical Abstract, verschiedene Ausgaben. Abu Dhabi.
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) (2011): Population Estimates, 2006-2010. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.uaestatistics.gov.ae/ReportPDF/Population%20Estimates%202006%20-%202010.pdf.
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) (25 December 2010): Population by Age Group, 1975-2005. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.uaestatistics.gov.ae.
Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika (U.S.)
Committee for Refugees and Immigrants (USCRI) (2001): U.S. Committee for Refugees World Refugee Survey 2001 – Kuwait. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/3b31e16514.html.
Department of State (2008): Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2006, Jg. II. Washington, D.C.
Energy Information Administration (EIA):
International Petroleum Monthly (IPM). Washington, D.C. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.eia.gov/ipm.
Golfkooperationsrat (GCC)
Secretariat General (2012): Statistical Bulletin-2011. Dubai.
Organisation erdölexportierender Länder (OPEC):
OPEC (2000): Annual Statistical Bulletin. Genf.
Internationaler Währungsfond (International Monetary Fund, IMF)
IMF (2009): Qatar: 2008 Article IV Consultation, IMF Country Report Nr. 09/28. Washington, D.C., Januar.
IMF (2011): Saudi Arabia: 2011 Article IV Consultation -- Staff Report, IMF Country Report Nr. 11/292. Washington, D.C., September.
Vereinte Nationen (UN)
Abteilung Wirtschaft und Soziales: International Migration Stock. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.un.org/esa/population/.
Flüchtlingshilfswerk der Vereinten Nationen (UNHCR) (2007): Country Operation Plan: Executive Committee Summary: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia & Gulf Countries. Riad.
Flüchtlingshilfswerk der Vereinten Nationen (UNHCR) (2012): Saudi Arabia. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.unhcr.org/pages/49e486976.html.
Wirtschaftskommission für Westasien (ESCWA) (1992): Population Situation in the ESCWA Region-1990. Amman, Mai.
Wirtschaftskommission für Westasien (ESCWA)/Arabische Liga/UN-Bevölkerungsfonds (UNFPA) (1993): Arab Labour Migration. Treffen ranghoher Beamter (Senior Officials) und Experten, Amman, 4.-6. April.
Wirtschaftskommission für Westasien (ESCWA) (2010): Bulletin on Population and Vital Statistics in the ESCWA Region, Nr.13. New York.
Wirtschaftskommission für Westasien (ESCWA) (2011): Compendium of Social Statistics and Indicators, 2010-2011, Arab Society. New York, Dezember.
Wirtschaftskommission für Westasien (ESCWA) (2012): Survey of Economic and Social Developments in the ESCWA Region, 2010-2011. New York.
Internationale Arbeitsorganisation (ILO)
ILO (1980): International Migration and Development in the Arab Region. Genf. (Autoren: J.S. Birks und C.A. Sinclair).
ILO (1989): International Migration for Employment: Manpower and Population Evolution in the GCC and Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. World Employment Programme Research, Working Paper, Genf. (Autoren: j.S. Birks und C.A. Sinclair)
Verschiedene:
Birks, Sinclair & Associates Ltd: GCC Market Report, 1990 und 1992. Durham: Mountjoy Research Centre.
HRD base Ltd./Lloyds Bank Chambers (1987): Socio-Demographic Profiles of Key Arab Countries. Newcastle, Mai.
Human Rights Watch (HRW) (2003, 2012): Human Rights News, Population Statistics: Gulf Cooperation Council States. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.hrw.org.
Human Rights Watch (HRW) (2011): Country Study: Saudi Arabia. 24. Januar. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,,,SAU,,4d3e802327,0.html.
International Organization for Migration (IOM) (2012): Facts & Figures-2012. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.iom.int/jahia/Jahia/about-migration/facts-and-figures/lang/en.
Population Reference Bureau (PRB) (2012): World Population Data Sheet-2012. New York.
Worldbank (2011): Migration and Remittances Factbook-2011, zweite Auflage, Washington, D.C.
Worldbank: The World Bank Data. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SM.POP.REFG/countries.
Bücher und Aufsätze
Awad, Ibrahim (2009): International Labour Migration and Employment in the Arab Region: Origins, Consequences and the Way Forward. Paper vorgestellt im Rahmen des Arab Employment Forum, Beirut, 19.-21. Oktober. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/region/arpro/beirut/downloads/aef/migration_eng.pdf.
Ayubi, Nazih N. (1995): Over-Stating the Arab State: Politics and Society in the Middle East. London und New York: I. B. Tauris Publishers.
Baldwin-Edwards, Martin (2005): Migration in the Middle East and Mediterranean. A Regional Study prepared for the Global Commission on International Migration. Penteion University, Athen, Januar.
Baldwin-Edwards, Martin (2011): Labour Immigration and Labour Markets in the GCC Countries: National Patterns and Trends, Kuwait Programme on Development, Governance and Globalisation in the GCC States, Nr. 15, März.
Beblawi, Hazem/Luciani, Giacomo (1987): The Rentier State. London: Croom Helm.
Beblawi, Hazem (1990): The Rentier State in the Arab World. In: Giacomo Luciani (Hg.): The Arab State. London: Routledge, S. 85-98.
Berrebi, Claude/Martorell, Francisco/ Tanner, Jeffery C. (2009): Qatar’s Labor Markets at a Crucial Crossroad. The Middle East Journal, 63(3), S. 421-442.
Bloomberg News. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.bloomberg.com.
Choucri, Nazli (1986): Asians in the Arab World: Labor Migration and Public Policy. Middle Eastern Studies, 22(2), S. 252-273.
Dito, Mohammed Ibrahim (2008): GCC Labour Migration Governance. United Nation Expert Group Meeting on International Migration and Development in Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, Thailand, 20.-21. September. UN/POP/EGM/2008/7.
Al-Dosary, Adel S./Masiur Rahman, Syed (2005): Saudization (Localization): A Critical Review. Human Resource Development International, 8(4), S. 495-502.
Emirates Centre for Human Rights (ECHR) (2012): The Bidoun of the United Arab emirates. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.echr.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Bidoun-ECHR.1.pdf.
Fargues, Philippe (2011): Immigration without Inclusion: Non-Nationals in Nation-Building in the Gulf States. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 20(3-4), S. 273-292.
Fargues, Philippe/Brouwer, Imco (2012): GCC Demography and Immigration: Challenges and Policies. In: Steffen Hertog (Hg.): National Employment, Migration and Education in the GCC. Berlin und London: Gerlach Press, S. 231-263.
Foley, Sean (2010): The Arab Gulf States: Beyond Oil and Islam. Boulder und London: Lynne Rienner Publishers. Forstenlechner, Ingo/Rutledge, Emilie (2010): Unemployment in the Gulf: Time to Update the Social Contract. Middle East Policy, 17(2), S. 38-51.
Forstenlechner, Ingo/Madi, Mohamed T./Selim, Hassan M./Rutledge, Emilie J. (2012): Emiratisation: Determining the Factors that Influence the Recruitment Decisions of Employers in the UAE. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(2), S. 406-421.
Gause, Gregory III (1994): Oil Monarchies: Domestic and Security Challenges in the Arab Gulf States. New York: Council on Foreign Relations.
Gray, Matthew (2011): A Theory of “Late Rentierism” in the Arab States of the Gulf. Center for International and Regional Studies, Georgetown University School of Foreign Service in Qatar, Occasional Paper, Nr. 7.
Harry, Wes (2007): Employment Creation and Localization: The Crucial Human Resource Issues for the GCC. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18(1), S. 132-146.
Al-Hasan, Hasan Tariq (2012): Labor Market Policies in Bahrain. In: Steffen Hertog (Hg.): National Employment, Migration and Education in the GCC. Berlin und London: Gerlach Press, S. 107-147.
Hertog, Steffen (2012): A Comparative Assessment of Labor Market Nationalization Policies in the GCC. In: Steffen Hertog (Hg.): National Employment, Migration and Education in the GCC. Berlin und London: Gerlach Press, S. 65-106.
Hvidt, Martin (2009): The Dubai Model: An Outline of Key Development-Process Elements in Dubai. IJMES, 41, S. 397-418.
Ismael, Jacqueline S. (1982): Kuwait: Social Change in Historical Perspective. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.
Kapiszewski, Andrzej (2001): Nationals and Expatriates: Population and Labour Dilemmas of the Gulf Cooperation Council States. Reading: Ithaca Press.
Kapiszewski, Andrzej (2006): Arab Versus Asian Migrant Workers in the GCC Countries. Paper presented at United Nations Expert Group Meeting on International Migration and Development in the Arab Region, Beirut, 15.-17. Mai 2006. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.un.org/esa/population/meetings/EGM_Ittmig_Arab/P02_Kapiszewski.pdf.
El-Katiri, Laura/Fattouh, Bassam/Segal, Paul (2012): Nationality of an Oil-Based Welfare State: Rent Distribution in Kuwait. In: David Held und Kristian Ulrichsen (Hg.): The Transformation of the Gulf. London: Routledge, S. 165-187. de Kerros, Tatjana (2011): Saudi Arabia: From National Strategies to Economic Realities, The Entrepreneurialist. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://theentrepreneurialist.net/category/saudi-arabia.
Al-Kibsi, Gassan/Benkert, Claus/Schubert, Jörg (2007): Getting Labor Policy to Work in the Gulf. The McKinsey Quarterly, Februar, S. 19-29. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.docstoc.com/docs/50488974/labour-policy-in-gulf.
Longva, Ann Nga (2000): Citizenship in the Gulf States. In: Nils A. Butenschon et al. (Hg.): Citizenship and the State in the Middle East: Approaches and Applications. New York: Syracuse University Press, S. 179-197.
Looney, Robert E. (2004): Saudization and Sound Economic Reforms: Are the Two Compatible? Strategic Insights, III(2). Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA524846.
Mashood, Neelofer/Verhoeven, Helen/Chansarkar, Bal (2009): Emiratisation, Omanisation and Saudisation -- Common Causes: Common Solutions? Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.wbiconpro.com/17.%20Helen-UAE.pdf.
MEED (Middle East Economist Digest, wöchentlich, London).
MEES (Middle East Economic Survey, wöchentlich, Nicosia).
MEI (Middle East International, wöchentlich, London).
Michell, Tony (2010): Foreign Workers: New Engine for Economic Dynamism. The Korean Times, 23. Juni.
Migration News. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn.
Naithani, Pranav (2010): Challenges Faced by Expatriate Workers in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(1), S. 98-103.
Al-Najjar, Baquer Salman (1993): Population Policies in the Countries of the Gulf Co-operation Council: Politics and Society. Immigrants & Minorities, 12(2), S. 200-218.
Naufal, George S. (2011): Labor Migration and Remittances in the GCC. Labor History, 52(1), S. 307-322.
Niblock, Tim/Malik, Monica (2007): The Political Economy of Saudi Arabia. London: Routledge.
Okruhlik, Gwenn (2011): Dependence, Disdain, and Distance: State, Labor, and Citizenship in the Arab Gulf States. In: Jean-Francois Seznec und Mimi Kirk (Hg.): Industrialization in the Gulf: A Socioeconomic Revolution. London und New York: Routledge, S. 125-142.
Owen, Roger/Pamuk, Şevket (1999): A History of Middle East Economies in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Parolin, Gianluca P. (2009): Citizenship in the Arab World: Kin, Religion and Nation-State. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
Partrick, Neil (2012): Nationalism in the Gulf States. In: David Held und Kristian Ulrichsen (Hg.): The Transformation of the Gulf. London: Routledge, S. 47-65.
Ramady, Mohamed A. (2010): The Saudi Economy: Policies, Achievements, and Challenges. 2. Auflage. New York: Springer. Randeree, Kasim (2012): Workforce Nationalization in the Gulf Cooperation Council States. Georgetown University, School of foreign Service in Qatar, CIRI (Center for International and Regional Studies).
Richards, Alan/Waterbury, John (2008): A Political Economy of the Middle East. 3. Auflage. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.
Rivlin, Paul (2009): Arab Economies in the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ross, Michael L. (2001): Does Oil Hinder Democracy? World Politics, Jg. 53, April, S. 325-361.
Ruhs, Martin (2009): Migrant Rights, Immigration Policy and Hyman Development. Human Development Research Paper 2009/23.
Rutledge, Emilie et al. (2011): Women, Labour Market Nationalization Policies and Human Resource Development in the Arab Gulf States. Human Resource Development International, 14(2), S. 183-198.
Saif, Ibrahim (2009): The Oil Boom in the GCC Countries, 2002-2008; Old Challenges, Changing Dynamics. Carnegie Middle East Center, Carnegie Papers, Nr. 15. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.carnegieendowment.org/files/cmec15_saif_final.pdf.
Salama, Samir (2010): GCC Must Tackle Unemployment. Gulf News, 2. Februar 2010.
Scott‐Jackson, William et al. (2010): Maximising Women’s Participation in the GCC Workforce. Oxford Strategic Consulting-Gulf. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.cahrr.org/human-resources-research/material/OSC%20GCC%20women%20participation%20in%20workforce%20draft%20report.pdf.
Sfakianakis, John (2011): New Employment Rules to Shake up Saudi Private Sector. Arab News.com., 15. Juni. Online abrufbar unter: Externer Link: http://www.arabnews.com/node/380796.
Shah, Nasra M. (2007): Migration to Kuwait: Trends, Patterns and Policies. Paper Prepared for the Migration and Refugee Movements in the Middle East and North Africa, The Forced Migration & Refugee Studies Program The American University in Cairo, Ägypten, 23.-25. Oktober 2007.
Shah, Nasra M. (2008): Recent Labor Immigration Policies in the Oil-Rich Gulf: How Effective Are They Likely To Be?, ILO Asian Regional Programme on Governance of Labour Migration, Working Paper Nr. 3. Bangkok, Januar.
Shah, Nasra M. (2009): The Management of Irregular Migration and its Consequence for Development: Gulf Cooperation Council. ILO, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, März 2009.
Shaham, Dahila (2008): Foreign Labor in the Arab Gulf: Challenges to Nationalization. Al-Nakhlah, S. 1-14.
Al-Sulami, Muhammad (2011): New Saudization Plan in Two Weeks. Arab News, 26. März.
Wilson, Rodney et al. (2004): Economic Development in Saudi Arabia. London und New York: RoutledgeCurzon.
Winckler, Onn (2009): Arab Political Demography: Population Growth, Labor Migration and Natalist Policies. 2. Auflage. Brighton und Portland: Sussex Academic Press.
Winckler, Onn (2010): Labor Migration to the GCC States: Patterns, Scale and Policies. In: Migration and the Gulf. Washington, D.C: The Middle East Institute, S. 9-12.
Zovighian, Diana (2012): Gulf Women’s Participation in the Labor Market: Paid Labor, Care and Social Protection in Patriarchal Systems. In: Steffen Hertog (Hg.): National Employment, Migration and Education in the GCC. Berlin und London: Gerlach Press, S. 183-230.
Quellen, auf denen die Abbildungen 1-4 basieren:
Staat Kuwait, CSO: Annual Statistical Abstract, verschiedene Ausgaben (Kuwait);
Königreich Bahrain, CSO: Statistical Abstract, verschiedene Ausgaben (Manama);
Central Bank of Bahrain: Statistical Bulletin-November 2011 (Manama);
Sultanat Oman, Ministry of National Economy: Statistical Yearbook, verschiedene Ausgaben (Maskat);
Sultanat Oman, MNE (2005); Sultanat Oman, MNE (2011);
KSA, MEP: Statistical Yearbook, verschiedene Ausgaben (Riad);
KSA, MEP: Central Department of Statistics and Information Data [Externer Link: http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english];
KSA, MEP (2011);
Staat Katar, SA: Annual Statistical Abstract, verschiedene Ausgaben (Doha);
Staat Katar, SA: Labor Force Sample Survey, verschiedene Ausgaben (Doha);
Qatar National Bank: Qatar Economic Review, verschiedene Ausgaben (Doha);
VAE, NBS (2010); GCC (2012); ILO (1980; 1989);
ESCWA (1992; 1993); HRD base Ltd. (1987); Birks, Sinclair & Associates Ltd. (1990; 1992); Kapiszewski (2001); Winckler (2009; 2010).
